typescript

## Key Features

- **Static Typing**: Enforces type checking at compile time to catch errors early.
- **Code Completion**: Enhances IDE support for better autocompletion and suggestions.
- **Refactoring**: Simplifies code restructuring with type safety.
- **Shorthand Notations**: Provides concise syntax for common patterns.

## Overview
TypeScript (TS) is a superset of JavaScript (JS) that adds **discipline** to make code more robust and maintainable. It builds on JS, meaning all valid JS code is also valid TS code.

## Drawbacks
- **Transpilation**: TS code must be compiled to JS, adding a build step.
- **Discipline**: Requires stricter coding practices, which may slow initial development.

## Debugging in VSCode
To debug TypeScript in VSCode:
1. Open the **Debug Panel**.
2. Click **Create a launch.json file** and select **Node.js**.
3. Add the following rule to `launch.json`:
   ```json
   "preLaunchTask": "tsc: build - tsconfig"

Data Types

JavaScript Types

• number

• string

• boolean

• null

• undefined

• object

TypeScript-Specific Types

• any: Allows any type, bypassing type checking.

• unknown: Safer alternative to any, requires type checking before use.

• never: Represents values that never occur (e.g., a function that always throws).

• enum: Defines a set of named constants.

• tuple: Arrays with fixed length and specific types for each element.

Best Practices

Configure tsconfig.json with the following for cleaner, safer code:

• "noUnusedLocals": true – Flags unused variables to keep code tidy.

• "noUnusedParameters": true – Ensures all function parameters are used, preventing mistakes.

• "noImplicitReturns": true – Requires explicit return types for all code paths in functions.